A CNC lathe is a machine that rotates a cylindrical material and cuts off unwanted parts by resting a bit (cutting tool) against it. In addition to turning with basic right-cut tools, other lathe methods include drilling, boring, grooving, and threading. Different types of CNC machining tools have a wide variety and can be classified according to material, structure, purpose, or use.
Classification by use
Turning tools: Turning tools are designed to remove material from blanks, rough turning tools are used to remove the maximum amount of material, and finishing turning tools are used to provide a good surface quality, making the workpiece more precise by removing only a small amount.
Drilling tools: When you want to enlarge an existing hole in a workpiece, you need a boring bar that can easily be drilled into an already drilled hole and enlarged its diameter. It can quickly enlarge the size of the hole and process the hole in the proper size for proper installation of other components.
Bevel tool: A bevel is a transition edge between two faces of an object, also defined as a form of bevel. Chamfer tools are used to create bevels or grooves in parts. Chamfers can be used to smooth out sharp or dangerous edges on workpieces.
Knurling Tools: Knurling is used to produce knurled CNC lathe parts by creating or pressing a pattern on a circular section that serves as a handle for a handle, usually also made on fasteners such as nuts. Knurling tools are designed with specific patterns.
Dividing tool: refers to a narrow-blade tool used for turning or planing or bisecting, or defined as a tool used to cut a workpiece from the body of a blank to be machined, it is manufactured in many forms.
Thread cutting tools: Thread cutting tools are used to cut threads on CNC lathe parts. In external thread cutting, the workpiece can be held in a chuck or between two centers; in internal thread cutting, the part is held in the chuck and the tool moves linearly through the part, removing chips with each pass Remove from the workpiece.
Face tool: used for face machining on CNC lathes to cut a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the workpiece, the tool is mounted on a tool holder, which is located on the carriage, during this process, the face tool will be fed vertically The axis of rotation of the part.
Grooving Tools: Grooving tools are usually carbide inserts mounted in special holders, designed as inserts with multiple tips, usually ground to the size and shape required for a particular job, including grooving and finishing Other jobs.
Classification by structure
Integral: The cutter head and shank are made of the same material, usually high-speed steel. The rigidity of the cutting tool is good, and it is suitable for small turning tools and non-ferrous metal turning tools.
Welding method: Connected by welding, the cutter head, and the cutter shank are made of different materials, and the carbide blade is embedded in the shank. The structure is compact and the manufacture is convenient. It is suitable for all kinds of turning tools, especially small ones.
Clamp type: The cutter head and the cutter bar are made of different materials, the blade is fixed on the cutter bar by mechanical support, and the blade can be replaced if it is blunt. It is a commonly used tool in CNC lathes, and the tool holder can be reused.
Classification by material
High-speed steel tool: Made of high-speed steel, it can be continuously ground and is a general-purpose tool for roughing and semi-finishing.
Carbide cutter: The blade is made of cemented carbide and is used for cutting cast iron, non-ferrous metals, plastics, chemical fibers, graphite, glass, stone, and ordinary steel. It can also be used to cut heat-resistant steel, stainless steel, high-speed steel, tool steel, and other difficult-to-machine materials.
Diamond: Diamond blades have the advantages of high hardness and wear resistance, low coefficient of friction, and low affinity with non-ferrous metals. It can be used for precision machining of non-metallic brittle and hard materials, such as graphite, high wear-resistant materials, conformal materials, high-silicon aluminum alloys, and other non-ferrous materials.
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